SOLAR PASSIVE SPACE HEATING SYSTEM

SOLAR PASSIVE SPACE HEATING SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Solar energy is also used for heating or cooling a building to maintain a comfortable temperature inside. Solar passive space heating system not used any mechanical device for heating purpose and heating purpose is done by natural process of convection, radiation and conduction for transport of heat  that’s why this system called passive space heating system. For installing of this system in building and to make flow of heat naturally require a specially designed building is called solar house.

SOLAR PASSIVE SPACE HEATING SYSTEM

A solar passive heating system consist solar house which is specially designed building. Solar house consist thick wall in south facing is called Trombe Wall. Trombe wall made of concrete, adobe, stone or composites of brick blocks and sand, designed for thermal storage. The trombe wall consist two vent at top and bottom for circulation of air flow. The outer surface of trombe wall is painted with black colour for the purpose of maximum absorption of sun radiation.

The entire south wall is covered by one or two sheets of glass or plastic with some air gap between the wall and inner glazing. The gap is generally 10 to 15cm. When solar radiation fall on glass and wall. The  solar radiation is penetrate the glazing and absorb by the thermal storage wall. Due to that the air between gap is heated and rise up and enters the room through the upper vent and maintain the temperature of room and give comfortable living. While the cool air from the room replaces it from the bottom vent. The circulation of air continues till the wall goes heating the air. Thus, the thermal wall collect, stores and transfer the heat to the room.

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The heating of the room can be adjusted by controlling the air flow through the inlet and outlet vents by shutters. Opening the damper at the top of the glazing allows the excess heat to escape outside, when heating is not required.

Sometimes, a rock bead is provided for the purpose of storage of thermal. The solar air heater is provided above the rock bed storage. During daytime when solar radiation direct gain through the glaze is sufficient, the hot air from the air heater is not allowed to enter room. The available thermal energy is stored in the rock bed to be used later, preferably during night.